INVESTMENT ALONE does not buy success and that business fact is no more apparent than in the realm of corporate R&D investment. Booz Allen Hamilton's second annual study of the world's 1000 largest corporate R&D accounts identifies 94 "high-leverage" innovators", including Black&Decker, Dentsply and SanDisk. These companies consistently spend less than their competitors on R&D and yet outperform their industries across a wide range of performance metrics.
Barry Jaruzelski, Kevin Dehoff, and Rakesh Bordia -- "Smart Spenders"